Measuring the disparity among scientific disciplines using Library of Congress Subject Headings

Scientometrics - Examining the relationships among scientific disciplines is important today, but existing methods are limited by the contents and structure of their bibliographic databases. We...     

Ferulic acid and EGCG alter the structural characteristics of ovalbumin and its application in mineral loading

This study aims to fabricate mineral-loading nanocarriers using natural materials. The interaction patterns between ovalbumin (OVA) and four water-soluble polyphenols, namely ferulic acid (FA), (-)-Epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG), gallic acid (GA) and epicatechin (EC), were investigated. Results showed that the optimised conditions for preparing stable OVA–polyphenol complexes are at the OVA–polyphenol ratio of 4:1 at pH 6, under which OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG showed the highest stability and mineral-loading capacity among four OVA–polyphenol complexes. The fluorescence results indicated that the addition of EGCG and FA induced a significant fluorescence quenching to OVA. The interaction between OVA and polyphenols involved hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis suggested that both FA and EGCG enhanced the stability and orderliness of the structure of OVA. The transmission electron microscopy images also exhibited the spherical structure of OVA after the addition of FA and EGCG. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectrum results suggested that OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG complexes were better mineral carriers than OVA–GA and OVA–EC. This study may serve as the theoretical support for the promising application of OVA in the fabrication of mineral-loading nanocarriers in functional food and pharmaceutic.     

基于随机搜索树法的机械臂视觉伺服研究

在当今的工业应用中,机械臂完成某一特定作业任务的基础是进行轨迹规划。针对单纯基于图像的视觉伺服(the image-based visual servoing,IBVS),不能直接对相机或机械臂的运行轨迹进行控制,容易造成跟踪目标脱离视野、机械臂与工作空间障碍物相碰撞的问题,本文提出了三维随机搜索树算法(the three-dimensional Rapidly-exploring Random Trees algorithm,3D-RRT)实现机械臂的轨迹规划,将轨迹规划与视觉伺服相融合,使机械臂在跟踪移动过程中,满足图像视野范围限制和空间障碍物约束问题。在MATLAB平台建立算法仿真实验,结果表明三维随机搜索树算法(3D-RRT)可以较好解决基于图像的视觉伺服(IBVS)中存在的问题。     

地表径流速度对城市内涝影响规律

为分析地表径流速度对城市内涝的影响,采用一维地下排水管网与二维城区地形的动态耦合模型,选取大连市某排水区块作为研究区域,设置4种地表径流速度10种设计降雨场景,模拟分析在不同重现期设计降雨及不同地表径流速度下研究区的内涝积水特性。结果表明:随着地表径流速度降低,管道排水压力变小,管道排水达标率最高可提升48.05%,且降雨重现期越短,地表径流流速对管道排水压力的削减效果越明显;地表径流流速对检查井溢流量影响显著,随着地表径流速度降低,检查井溢流量峰值最高可减小2 750 m~3,峰现时间最长可滞后56 min,同时随着降雨重现期增长,地表径流流速对检查井溢流量的削减效果减弱;研究区低、高风险区淹没面积随地表径流速度降低,最高可分别减小1.64万、8.37万m~2,但中风险区淹没面积变化反复。     

锂离子电池石墨负极放热反应研究

采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对满嵌锂态石墨负极在50～400℃之间出现的放热反应进行了研究.对不同荷电状态(SOC)的负极进行DSC、扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)分析以研究放热反应发生的过程.对负极中各物质之间可能发生的反应也均使用DSC进行分析.最终得出石墨负极各放热反应归属:100～120℃为SEI膜分解.200～270℃为锂与电解液的反应,270～300℃为锂与羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)的反应以及电解液的分解反应,300℃以上放热尖峰为锂与石墨的反应.